PLA Notes CD-ROM 1988-2001 13 Bottom-up planning for urban development: the development planning for real pilot project

Document begins: PLA Notes CD-ROM 1988­2001 13 Bottom-up planning for urban development: the development planning for real pilot project Ellen Wratten Introduction · process1. Can professionals stand aside and allow people to manage the entire process Parallel with the development of RRA and themselves? PRA, bottom-up planning methods were being pioneered in urban communities in the UK and This article explores both of these issues. In USA from the late 1960s. These ranged from particular, it describes a new approach for advocacy planning, in which professional integrating participation into the urban planning planners acted as advocates for a particular process. This approach - Development Planning community, bargaining with city authorities on for Real - was designed by a group of the community's behalf and interpreting postgraduates on the MSc course in Social technical language (Davidoff 1973), to Policy and Planning in Developing Countries at formation of neighbourhood corporations where the London School of Economics, working with participants directly managed state grants to Dr Tony Gibson of the Neighbourhood plan their own economic development Initiatives Foundation, UK, and myself. Pilot programmes in the ghetto (Arnstein 1969), to trials of the approach are nearing completion in the use of cardboard models to ...